Staying Ahead of Heat Stress During County Fair Season

The contents of this blog are from an interview with Dr. A.J. Tarpoff, Beef Extension Veterinarian at Kansas State University.

As county fair season approaches in Kansas, excitement is building for livestock shows, community events, and the celebration of rural life. But along with the fun comes a serious concern for those caring for animals in the summer heat: heat stress.

At the Kansas Farm and Ranch Radio Network, I recently spoke with Dr. A.J. Tarpoff, Beef Extension Veterinarian at Kansas State University, about how rising temperatures and humidity can silently take a toll on livestock—especially cattle.

“Cattle dissipate heat differently than people do,” Dr. Tarpoff explained. “Their ability to sweat is limited, so they rely more on respiration to cool down.” This often looks like panting and open-mouth breathing. In addition to these signs, cattle also change their behavior. You might notice them standing more, avoiding lying down on warm ground, or clustering in shaded areas or around water tanks—not necessarily to drink, but to cool their faces.

Dr. Tarpoff also warned about the dangers of high humidity paired with low wind speeds. In these conditions, animals may not cool off adequately, making early mornings and overnight hours critical windows for temperature recovery.

Water access becomes increasingly important as the temperature rises. “When temperatures climb from 70 to 90 degrees, cattle’s water needs can double,” said Dr. Tarpoff. Ensuring animals have enough space and access to clean, cool water is essential in preventing heat stress.

As fair season ramps up, it’s a good time for producers and families alike to revisit best practices for keeping livestock safe and healthy during summer heat waves.